Tiny Synagogue Security: Security Cameras


 

 
Recently a large number of low-cost surveillance systems have come on the market. One with four cameras and a hard drive capable of holding a month or more of video clips costs about $300. Cameras are unobtrusive and can be easily hidden. However, there are a number of problems of which users should be aware. When an infra-red illuminator is part of the camera, they cannot see outdoors from behind windows indoors. The reflection from the window blinds the camera. Another consideration is that when the problem is outdoors, the cameras must be outdoors. Cameras have a limited range of operating temperature, typically 150 F down to 4 F and must be kept dry. They must not be placed where they will become overheated; and, more importantly, in northern climates, they must be heated in the winter. Similar cameras used for truck and bus backup viewers are made self-heating by suitably insulating them and keeping the infra-red illuminators operating even when the vehicle is parked and turned off. Unfortunately, some surveillance cameras contain a sensor that shuts off the illuminator in the daytime to improve image quality. Camera heaters can be user-fabricated, however. They can be wrapped around the camera. The required heating power per camera is small when the camera is insulated. An excellent design tool for calculating the required heating power for your own climate is a program suitable for a programmable desk calculator, "Estimating Electronic Box Surface Temperature is BASIC" [Paul Coniglari and Matthew Conigliari, Electronic Packaging, February 1984, 163-167].
Once installed, the security system will have quirks that the user should anticipate in advance. The worst of these is in the nature of the warranty supplied with the system. Some low-cost systems have low reliability and a high infant mortality. Should for example the hard drive fail, the system in its entirety must be returned in its unmodified form to get a new hard drive. These are hard wired systems. Camera modification and installation can easily cost more in equivalent labor than the entire system is worth. (Systems using radio communications to save wire are insecure and still need modification. Those using batteries need batteries.) Buying two systems to provide backup and spare parts is a good idea. Other quirks are less serious. One is that illuminators attract insects at night and built-in illuminators attract them to the lens. If the system uses motion sense triggering, insects will create false triggers. Other quirks lie in the computer download feature of some units. A better result can be gotten from attaching a DVD recorder to the monitor and replaying the selected events.